Because any foreign bodies within a gland can potentially damage the O-ring or otherwise hamper the effectiveness of the seal, it is extremely important that you clean each of the elements before attempting assembly. Metal shavings, stray fibers, wire, dirt, grit, sand, dust, or other particulate matter must be completely removed from the groove and all other surfaces within the gland before the O-ring is installed. Use of a cleaning agent (which is, of course, chemically compatible with all of the seal elements) may prove helpful. Failure to thoroughly clean the seal environment prior to O-ring installation can quickly negate all the time and energy put into design and construction.

The O-ring itself should also be free from any and all contaminants. The “better safe than sorry” rule applies here. You should always avoid using seals that have fallen on a dirty surface (such as the floor or a countertop) or been in contact with unclean articles (such as used shop rags or dusty storage bins). In addition, the system fluid(s) should be filtered prior to use if you suspect any possible contamination. Continuous careful monitoring of the seal and all aspects of its environment will pay dividends by preventing unexpected shutdowns and costly delays.

Cleanliness is perhaps most important when using a seal material (such as silicone or Teflon®) that has inherently poor tear resistance. An undetected piece of metal or wire can nick or cut the O-ring surface during installation. For materials lacking in tear resistance, relatively minor surface damage can quickly become a major tear during service.

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